Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive retinal disorder that affects your eye’s ability to sense light. The retina, located at the back of your eye, contains millions of light-sensitive cells that send visual information to your brain. RP damages these cells over time, leading to permanent vision loss.
While RP often runs in families, about 50% of cases have no known family history. Symptoms usually appear in childhood or adolescence, though they can develop later in life.
There is currently no way to prevent RP, but protecting your eyes from ultraviolet (UV) light by wearing sunglasses outdoors may help delay symptom onset.
Symptoms of Retinitis Pigmentosa
People with RP often experience:
- Decreased night vision (difficulty seeing in low light)
- Loss of peripheral (side) vision, sometimes called “tunnel vision”
- Difficulty seeing fine details
- Sensitivity to glare
Early detection and monitoring are important to manage the condition and maximize remaining vision.
Diagnostic Tests
At Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, our retinal specialists use advanced diagnostic tools to confirm RP and monitor its progression:
Comprehensive Eye Exam
A thorough examination of the retina and surrounding eye structures. Pupils are often dilated for better visualization.
Color Vision Testing
Determines if you have difficulty perceiving colors, using tests like multicolored dot patterns or color chips.
Retinal Exam
Direct ophthalmoscopy shines a light through the pupil to view the retina, while indirect ophthalmoscopy provides a detailed 3-D view.
Eye Ultrasound
Uses sound waves to produce detailed images of the eye and surrounding structures.
Electroretinogram (ERG)
Measures the electrical response of your retina’s light-sensitive cells to assess retinal function.
Treatment Options
Currently, there is no cure for RP, and treatment cannot stop disease progression. However, several strategies can help patients make the most of their remaining vision:
Low Vision Aids: Magnifiers, special glasses, and other adaptive tools support daily activities.
Retinal Prosthesis (Argus II System): In advanced cases, a surgically implanted device delivers electrical stimulation to the retina, partially restoring visual perception.
Ongoing Research: Bascom Palmer’s Retinal Degeneration Center investigates potential therapies, including gene therapy and neurotrophic factors, aimed at slowing progression or restoring vision.
Why Choose Bascom Palmer Eye Institute?
Nation’s Top Eye Care Provider
- Ranked #1 in the U.S. by U.S. News & World Report for comprehensive eye care and innovation.
Leading Specialists
- Our physician-researchers pioneered retinal diagnostic techniques and remain at the forefront of retinal disease treatment.
Compassionate, Patient-Centered Care
- We guide patients through diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing vision support.
Research-Driven Treatments
- Advanced clinical trials and innovative therapies give patients access to cutting-edge care.
Fast, Accurate Diagnosis
- Early detection using tools like the electroretinogram helps slow vision loss and optimize management strategies.
RP affects approximately 1 in 3,000 people, making specialized care and monitoring essential for preserving vision.
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